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IPS_W-assignments/W2/report/main.tex
NikolajDanger 1e6d09b384 aesuceahu
2022-05-17 17:33:43 +02:00

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\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{listings}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\usepackage[margin=1in]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{automata,positioning}
\renewcommand{\thesection}{Task \arabic{section}}
\renewcommand{\thesubsection}{\arabic{subsection})}
\renewcommand{\thesubsubsection}{\alph{subsubsection})}
\input{fasto.sty}
\setmonofont[Scale=0.9]{Antikor Mono Medium}
\setlength{\parskip}{5pt}
\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}
\title{W2 - IPS}
\author{Nikolaj Gade (qhp695)}
\date{May 2022}
\newcommand{\reg}[1]{%
\begin{center}
\large
\texttt{#1}
\end{center}
}
\begin{document}
\newgeometry{top=0in}
\maketitle
\section{}
\subsection{}
\begin{multicols}{2}
\subsubsection{}
The string must consist of any number of pairs of '\texttt{o}'s and '\texttt{g}'s. The pairs can be any combination of 2 characters, both of which are either '\texttt{o}' or '\texttt{g}'. Thus, each character can be written as, '\texttt{o|g}', and each pair as '\texttt{(o|g)(o|g)}'. The full string can be written as:
\reg{((o|g)(o|g))*}
\subsubsection{}
The first character must be '\texttt{o}', and it must be followed by a character that is either '\texttt{o}' or '\texttt{g}'. Following that, the answer is the same as the previous problem:
\reg{o(o|g)((o|g)(o|g))*}
\columnbreak
\subsubsection{}
Keeping with the idea that an even number of characters can be split up in "pairs" of characters, an odd number of '\texttt{o}'s or '\texttt{g}'s \textit{must} result in an odd number of both. Thus, the string will either consist of an even number of '\texttt{o}'s, followed by an even number of '\texttt{g}'s, \textbf{or} an even number of '\texttt{o}'s, followed by '\texttt{og}', followed by an even number of '\texttt{g}'s. The full string can be written as:
\reg{(oo)*(og)?(gg)*}
\end{multicols}
\subsection{}
\begin{multicols}{2}
\subsubsection{}
'\textit{a}'s and '\textit{b}'s are placed at the same time, using the \textit{T} starting symbol. After all '\textit{a}'s and '\textit{b}'s are placed, the symbol turns to '\textit{S}', which places at least 1 '\textit{c}'.
\[
T =
\begin{cases}
aTb \\
S
\end{cases}
\]
\[
S =
\begin{cases}
c \\
cS
\end{cases}
\]
\subsubsection{}
Like with the previous problem, both the '\textit{a}'s and the '\textit{b}'s are placed at the same time, but the '\textit{b}'s are placed 2 at a time.
\[
T =
\begin{cases}
aTbb \\
abb
\end{cases}
\]
\columnbreak
\subsubsection{}
Once again, '\textit{a}'s and '\textit{b}'s are placed at the same time with the starting symbol \textit{T}. Afterwards, any amount of '\textit{a}'s are placed before the '\textit{b}'s.
\[
T =
\begin{cases}
aTb \\
S
\end{cases}
\]
\[
S =
\begin{cases}
\\
aS
\end{cases}
\]
\end{multicols}
\newpage
\newgeometry{top=1in}
\subsection{}
\subsubsection{}
\texttt{\%nonassoc letprec} designates the \texttt{let} token as being non-associative, which means ambiguous implementations will lead to a syntax error.
\subsubsection{}
The order of the associativity declarations provide the precedence for the operators. So in the current way the code in written, the line \texttt{let x = 10 in x + 10 > 15} will be parsed as \texttt{let x = 10 in (x < 15)}, but if , it would be parsed as \texttt{(let x = 10 in x) < 15}.
\subsubsection{}
The code \texttt{\{ Let (Dec (fst \$2, \$4, \$3), \$6, \$1) \}} creates a \texttt{Let} instance, which containes the declared variable, the following expression, as well as the keyword.
\section{}
See code.
\section{}
\subsubsection{}
\reg{filter (('a -> bool) * ['a]) -> ['a]}
\subsubsection{}
\begin{lstlisting}
CheckExp(exp, vtable, ftable) = case exp of
filter(p, arr_exp) =>
let array_type = CheckExp(arr_exp, vtable, ftable)
let element_type = match array_type with
| Array(type) -> type
| _ -> Error()
let function_type = lookup(ftable, name(p))
match function_type with
| unbound -> Error()
| (input_type, output_type) ->
if input_type == element_type && output_type == bool then
Array(element_type)
else Error()
| _ -> Error()
\end{lstlisting}
\newpage
\section{}
The unification graph with the initial R and ID values is as follows:
\begin{tikzpicture}[text width=1cm, align=center]
\node (a) at (0,0) {1,1\\{\Large*}};
\node (b) at (-2,-2) {2,2\\{\Large list}};
\node (c) at (2,-2) {3,3\\{\Large list}};
\node (d) at (-2,-4) {4,4\\{\Large int}};
\node (e) [text width=1.5cm] at (2,-4) {5,5\\{\Large\textit{alpha}}};
\node (f) at (4,0) {6,6\\{\Large*}};
\node (g) at (6,-4) {7,7\\{\Large\textit{beta}}};
\path [->] (a) edge node {} (b);
\path [->] (a) edge node {} (c);
\path [->] (b) edge node {} (d);
\path [->] (c) edge node {} (e);
\path [->] (f) edge node {} (e);
\path [->] (f) edge node {} (g);
\end{tikzpicture}
The R values can then be substituted in the following order:
\begin{itemize}
\item 6 \rightarrow{} 1, Rule (IV)
\item 5 \rightarrow{} 2, Rule (III)
\item 7 \rightarrow{} 3, Rule (III)
\end{itemize}
So the final unification graph looks like this:
\begin{tikzpicture}[text width=1cm, align=center]
\node (a) at (0,0) {1,1\\{\Large*}};
\node (b) at (-2,-2) {2,2\\{\Large list}};
\node (c) at (2,-2) {3,3\\{\Large list}};
\node (d) at (-2,-4) {4,4\\{\Large int}};
\node (e) [text width=1.5cm] at (2,-4) {2,5\\{\Large\textit{alpha}}};
\node (f) at (4,0) {1,6\\{\Large*}};
\node (g) at (6,-4) {3,7\\{\Large\textit{beta}}};
\path [->] (a) edge node {} (b);
\path [->] (a) edge node {} (c);
\path [->] (b) edge node {} (d);
\path [->] (c) edge node {} (e);
\path [->] (f) edge node {} (e);
\path [->] (f) edge node {} (g);
\end{tikzpicture}
Which means the final type is \texttt{list(int) * list(list(int))}.
\end{document}