#include <stdio.h>  // fprintf, stdout, stderr.
#include <stdlib.h> // exit, EXIT_FAILURE, EXIT_SUCCESS.
#include <string.h> // strerror.
#include <errno.h>  // errno.
#include <stdbool.h>

enum FileType{ASCII, ISO, UTF, data};

bool is_utf8(FILE* f) {
    rewind(f);
    unsigned char byte;
    int char_length = -1;
    for (;;) {
        if (fread(&byte, 1, 1, f) == 0) {
            break;
        }
        if (byte == 0){
            return false;
        }
        for (int j = 0 ; j <= 8 ; j++) {
            if (byte >> 7 == 0) {
                char_length = j;
                break;
            }
            byte = byte << 1;
        }
        if (char_length == -1) {
            return false;
        }
        for (int i = 1 ; i < char_length ; i++) {
            if (fread(&byte, 1, 1, f) == 0 || byte >> 6 != 2) {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
    return true;
}

bool is_iso8859(FILE* f) {
    rewind(f);
    int iso8859_CHARACTERS[197];

    for (int i = 0 ; i < 7 ; i++) {
        iso8859_CHARACTERS[i] = i+7;
    }
    iso8859_CHARACTERS[7] = 27;
    for (int i = 0 ; i < 94 ; i++) {
        iso8859_CHARACTERS[i+8] = i+32;
    }

    for (int i = 0 ; i < 95 ; i++) {
        iso8859_CHARACTERS[i+102] = i+160;
    }
    unsigned char byte;
    bool iso_byte;
    for (;;) {
        if (fread(&byte, 1, 1, f) == 0) {
            break;
        }
        iso_byte = false;
        for (int i = 0 ; i < 197 ; i++) {
            if (byte == iso8859_CHARACTERS[i]) {
                iso_byte = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (! iso_byte) {
            return false;
        }

    }
    return true;
}

bool is_ascii(FILE* f) {
    rewind(f);
    int ASCII_CHARACTERS[102];

    for (int i = 0 ; i < 7 ; i++) {
        ASCII_CHARACTERS[i] = i+7;
    }
    ASCII_CHARACTERS[7] = 27;
    for (int i = 0 ; i < 94 ; i++) {
        ASCII_CHARACTERS[i+8] = i+32;
    }

    unsigned char byte;
    bool ascii_byte;
    for (;;) {
        if (fread(&byte, 1, 1, f) == 0) {
            break;
        }
        ascii_byte = false;
        for (int i = 0 ; i < 102 ; i++) {
            if (byte == ASCII_CHARACTERS[i]) {
                ascii_byte = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (! ascii_byte) {
            return false;
        }

    }
    return true;

}

int print_error(char* path, int errnum) {
    return fprintf(stderr, "%s: cannot determine (%s)\n", path, strerror(errnum));
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {

    if (argc != 2) {
        printf("Wrong number of arguments!\n");
        return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }

    FILE* f = fopen(argv[1], "r");

    if (f == NULL) {
        print_error(argv[2], errno);
    }
    char byte;
    if (fread(&byte, sizeof(char), 1, f) == 0) {
        fprintf(stdout, "%s: empty\n", argv[1]);
    } else if (is_ascii(f)) {
        fprintf(stdout, "%s: ASCII text\n", argv[1]);
    } else if (is_iso8859(f)) {
        fprintf(stdout, "%s: ISO-8859 text\n", argv[1]);
    } else if (is_utf8(f)) {
        fprintf(stdout, "%s: UTF-8 Unicode text\n", argv[1]);
    } else {
        fprintf(stdout, "%s: data\n", argv[1]);
    }

    fclose(f);
    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}